شکل و معنا

Translation is basically a change of  form. By form or surface structure, it is meant the actual words, phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, etc. which are spoken or written

Translation consists of transferring the meaning of the source language into the receptor language. It is meaning which is being transferred and must be  held constant

 

   

The best translation is the one which a) uses the normal language forms of the receptor language, b) communicate the same meaning, c) maintain the dynamics of the original source language text.

There are certain characteristics of language which have a direct bearing on principles of translation. First, Meaning components are “packaged” into lexical items, but they are “packaged” differently in one language than in another

Second the same meaning component will occur in several surface structure lexical items (forms). That is to say a single meaning may be expressed in a variety of forms

The third characteristics of language which affects translation process is that one form will be used to represent several alternative meanings